Cursos / 1º Ciclo / Institute of Psychology and Educational Sciences :: Psychology

PSICOLOGIA DO PENSAMENTO E DA INTELIGÊNCIA - 2022/2023

2º curricular year
Semestralidade: 2nd semester
ECTS: 6

Teachers

Leading Teacher: Prof. Doutora Mariana Sousa
Assistant Professor: Prof. Doutora Mariana Sousa

Class type and School hours

Prática Laboratorial : 1 Horas
Teórico-prática : 2 Horas

Teaching Language

Portuguese

Main Aims/Objectives

To frame intelligence and thought as part of the object of study of Psychology
To understand the different models and theories of intelligence
To define the concept of thought based on the psychological discourse
To relate the concept of thought with structural cognitive processes

Specific Aims/Objectives

To understand intelligence as a polysemic concept
To know and confront the different models and theories of intelligence
To define the concept of thought based on the psychological discourse
To relate the concept of thought with the concepts of knowledge, representation and memory
To frame the concept of thought in the context of the processes of problem-solving, reasoning and decision making

Skills to be acquired

To convene knowledge allowing for describing, differentiating, operationalizing and critically analysing:
- intelligence as a polysemic concept and part of the object of study of Psychology
- the different models and theories of intelligence
- the concept of thought and its relation with the concepts of knowledge, representation and memory
- the concept of thought in the context of the processes of problem-solving, reasoning and decision making

Teaching Procedures

- Expository teaching
- Discussion in large group
- Analysis and discussion of papers
- Analysis and discussion of vídeos illustrating the programmatic contents

Programme

1. Intelligence
1.1. Concept/s of intelligence
1.2. Measures of intelligence
1.3. Theories and models of intelligence
1.3.1. Psychometric theories: Spearman´s general factor of intelligence theory; Thurstone´s primary mental abilities theory, Guilford´s theory on the intelligence structure; Cattell and Horn´s theory on fluid and crystallized intelligence; Carroll´s three-stratum model, Jensen´s general factor of intelligence theory
1.3.2. Theories of information processing: Haier´s theory on intelligence and the metabolism of glucose, Jensen´s theory on intelligence and inspection time; Hunt´s theory on the intelligence and lexical access; Simon´s theory on the intelligence and problem-solving, Sternberg´s theory on intelligence and problem-solving
1.3.3. Developmental theories: Piaget´s and Vygotsky´s theories on cognitive development
1.3.4. Contextual Theories: Sternberg´s hierarchical theory of intelligence; Gardner´s theory of multiple intelligences; the construct of emotional intelligence
1.4. Factors associated with intelligence
2. Thought
2.1. Concept of thought
2.2. Problem-solving
2.2.1. General problem-solving methods
2.2.2. Psychological perspective about insight
2.2.3. Obstacles to problem-solving
2.2.4. Aids to problem-solving
2.2.5. Expertise: knowledge and problem-solving
2.3. Problem-solving and creativity
2.3.1. Creativity: psychometric approaches, cognitive approaches, personality and motivational approaches, social, societal and historical approaches, integrative approach
2.4. Reasoning and decision making
2.4.1. Judgment and decision making: theory of classical decision, satisficing, elimination by aspects, heuristics and biases
2.4.2. Inductive and deductive reasoning
2.4.2.1. Deductive reasoning: conditional reasoning, syllogistic reasoning, and obstacles to aid deductive reasoning
2.4.2.2. Inductive reasoning: reaching causal inferences; categorical inferences, reasoning by analogy

Evaluation Type

Continuous assessment:
- Attendance of 70% of the classes
- Two written tests on the theoretical component of the course
- Group presentation on a theory of intelligence in the tutorial sessions.

Final assessment:
- The student may choose to be submitted to a final exam at the end of the semester.

Teaching Resources

Computer, projector, chart , scientific articles

Sustainability Objectives

Keywords

Psychology; intelligence; thought

Main Bibliography

Complementary Bibliography